2026 年匈牙利议会选举:乌克兰人率先登记拟定少数民族名单

在定于 4 月 12 日举行的议会选举之前,全国选举委员会(NVB)在周一的会议上率先登记了乌克兰少数民族名单。

这一决定意味着,只要登记具有法律约束力,在匈牙利的乌克兰族几乎肯定会在新一届国民议会中拥有一名代表。根据匈牙利的选举规则,只要至少有一名登记的少数民族选民在 4 月 12 日对名单投下有效选票,该族群就能获得代表权。

如何编制少数民族名单

如果少数民族自治政府大会在 2 月 2 日之前决定为议会选举编制少数民族名单,则可编制该名单。此外,少数民族选民登记册上至少要有1%的选民推荐该名单。

就乌克兰少数民族自治政府而言,编制名单需要八项推荐。对于大多数少数民族而言,少于 20 份有效推荐就足够了。然而,对于一些较大的社区来说,门槛要高得多:罗姆少数民族需要 401 项推荐,而日耳曼少数民族则需要 274 项推荐才能编制一份全国名单。

要编制国家名单,一个少数民族必须至少提名三名候选人。目前登记的乌克兰名单上有四名候选人。该族群的发言人将是名单上排名第一的候选人 Liliána Grexa。

国民议会中的代表

如果没有获得优先授权,成功编制国家名单的民族自治政府可向国民议会派出一名发言人。这些发言人没有投票权。

如果一个民族获得了政党赢得一个席位所需的四分之一选票,则该民族可获得优先议会授权。

对于国际读者来说,匈牙利的选举制度为获得承认的少数民族提供了通过优先授权获得代表权的机会,如果没有优先授权,则通过无投票权的发言人获得代表权。这一机制旨在确保少数民族社区在立法机构中有正式的代表渠道。

如果您错过了

炸弹威胁袭击市政厅,乌克兰少数民族议会在匈牙利小镇受到威胁

最后期限和进一步措施

少数民族自治政府可在 3 月 7 日下午 4 点前收集签名,并必须在截止日期前向NVB提交其国家名单。

一旦关于登记民族名单的决定成为最终决定,乌克兰民族自治政府将有权向全国选举委员会委派一名成员。然而,这些成员只能就影响民族的事项进行投票。

乌克兰少数民族名单的登记标志着即将举行的议会选举中少数民族代表进程的第一个正式步骤,预计在截止日期前还将提交更多名单。

正如我们在一月份所写,Magyar 敦促斯洛伐克总理菲佐在匈牙利选举前暂停实施贝尼斯法令

常见问题:登记参加四月选举的乌克兰少数民族名单

What did the National Election Committee decide?

The National Election Committeeu003e (NVB) registered the Ukrainian national minority list as the first minority list for the 12 April parliamentary elections. This allows the Ukrainian community to participate in the election process under Hungary’s minority representation rules.

Does this mean the Ukrainian minority will have representation in Parliament?

Yes, almost certainly — provided the registration becomes legally binding. Under Hungarian law, it is enough for at least one registered nationality voter to cast a valid vote for the list on election day for the community to gain representation.

What were the requirements to compile the Ukrainian list?

The National Ukrainian Ethnic Minority Self-Governmentu003e needed eight valid recommendations to compile its list. In general, at least one per cent of registered nationality voters must recommend a list. While most minorities require fewer than 20 recommendations, the Roma minority needs 401 and the German minority 274 due to their larger voter bases.

Who will represent the Ukrainian community?

The registered Ukrainian list contains four candidates. The spokesperson of the community will be the first candidate on the list, Liliána Grexa. If the list does not obtain a preferential parliamentary mandate, the spokesperson may still sit in the National Assembly without voting rights.

What happens next in the process?

Minority self-governments can collect signatures until 4 p.m. on 7 March and must submit their lists to the NVB by that deadline. Once the registration decision becomes final, the Ukrainian self-government will also be entitled to delegate one member to the National Election Commissionu003e, who may vote only on matters affecting nationalities.

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