FM Szijjártó: Hungary plans to boost Southeast Asia ties during EU presidency
One important goal of Hungary’s upcoming European Union presidency will be to further intensify cooperation with Southeast Asia, Péter Szijjártó, the minister of foreign affairs and trade, said in Brunei on Thursday.
Szijjártó noted the timeliness of the first-ever visit by a Hungarian foreign minister to the sultanate of Brunei given that Hungary is next in line to take over the rotating presidency of the Council of the EU.
Hungary’s government intends to restart free trade talks with the region’s countries during its presidency, Szijjártó said, according to a ministry statement.
He said the EU was set to benefit significantly from forging closer ties with Southeast Asia, arguing that the bloc needed fresh impetus to stop its decline caused by the war in Ukraine, its “unreasonable economic measures” and the practice of “politicising and ideologising important issues”.
“If we’re looking for economic momentum, economic growth or new dynamism, we’ll definitely find it here in Southeast Asia,” Szijjártó said. “The countries here have demonstrated exceptional economic growth in recent years.”
Szijjártó in Brunei
The minister noted that with Brunei set to become the ASEAN’s coordinator for dialogue with the EU, Hungary and Brunei will be the countries responsible for coordinating EU-ASEAN cooperation in the coming period.
He said Hungary plans to restart talks on an EU-ASEAN free trade deal as well as on a cooperation agreement between the EU and Brunei.
The free trade agreement, he said, would be in the interest of both Europe and Hungary, arguing that Hungary’s products and services were competitive on the international market.
“Our interests therefore lie in minimising barriers to trade … and in getting Hungarian goods and services onto the Southeast Asian markets,” Szijjártó said.
He also said an EU-Brunei cooperation pact would be crucial after talks on such a deal broke off some ten years ago.
“I think the European Union made a big mistake by failing to recognise the potential stemming from the growth of the Southeast Asian region,” he said.
Meanwhile, Szijjártó said that because cooperation began with interpersonal relations, Hungary and Brunei had signed an agreement under which Hungary will offer university scholarships to five Bruneian students each year.
Also, the two countries have started talks on Brunei’s use of Hungarian technologies in making its oil production more efficient and eco-friendly, the minister said.
On another subject, Szijjártó said that though Brunei was far away from Ukraine, the negative effects of the war in Hungary’s north-eastern neighbour had pushed energy prices up in the Southeast Asian country as well, and Brunei’s interests also lay in bringing an end to the conflict.
“So we were in agreement with the representatives of Brunei’s government and even the sultan himself on the need to strive for a peaceful resolution to the war in Ukraine … as the solution lies not on the battlefield but at the negotiating table,” he said.
Szijjártó said Hungary and Brunei were part of the “global pro-peace majority” with pro-peace leaders who agreed that sanctions were ineffective, that “politicising international organisations” was harmful and that the mention of nuclear weapons was dangerous.
Szijjártó on Thursday met Brunei’s Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah and his Bruneian counterpart in Bandar Seri Begawan.
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Orbán’s political director: Chinese president’s visit confirmation of Hungary’s connectivity strategy
The Chinese president’s upcoming visit to Hungary – and the fact that France was the only other European Union country on his itinerary – is confirmation of the effectiveness of Hungary’s connectivity strategy, the prime minister’s political director has said.
Chinese President’s visit to Hungary
Balázs Orbán told public radio ahead of Wednesday’s presidential visit that it would also help Hungary become a key state in the region.
In the interview broadcast late on Tuesday he noted that the last time a Chinese president visited Hungary was 20 years ago, and since that time China had become a superpower and one of the strongest economic powers holding a leading position in various technological sectors.
Hungary’s aim is to increase the presence of developed, high value-added technologies in the Hungarian economy, such as IT, telecommunications, electromobility, e-vehicle manufacturing and fast railways, Orbán said.
He said the aim was to create a hub for Eastern and Western technologies, as this would generate jobs, wages and economic growth. The Hungarian economy, being an export-oriented economy, also aims to find an increasingly comprehensive market for Hungarian products in China, he added.
Orbán said it was hoped that Hungary would become a hub for e-vehicle manufacturing in Europe.
Commenting on the Russia-Ukraine war, he said the Hungarian government’s position remained that immediate ceasefire and peace talks were needed. Statements by the French president indicated an increasing danger of a direct military conflict between Russia and NATO, he said. At the same time, the majority of countries beyond the Western world were making similar statements to Hungary concerning the the need for peace, he added.
Orbán said that Hungary’s primary interest was that battlefield activities should cease immediately and talks should be held on the peace process with the involvement of China.
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Tashkent International Investment Forum 2024: record number of participants, $26.6 billion worth of contracts signed
The Tashkent International Investment Forum (TIIF), initiated by Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, was held for the third time in the capital’s conference centre on 2 and 3 May.
Tashkent International Investment Forum 2024
The event was dedicated to presenting opportunities in the country to foreign investors, expanding business contacts, and planning the implementation of new projects.
This year, the TIIF attracted a record number of participants: 2,500 delegates from 93 countries around the world. More than 40 events, sessions, roundtables, and presentations allowed participants to explore investment opportunities in Uzbekistan and the region.
The forum attracted the attention of international media and was covered by more than 110 foreign publications from 30 countries, including leading outlets such as CNN, Euronews, The London Post, and the Associated Press, as well as the editorial staff of Daily News Hungary and Helló Magyar.
The Forum has become a key platform for countries and companies interested in Central Asia, attracting 120 high-level government and corporate executives and representatives of influential international organisations such as the UN, EBRD, OPEC, and SCO. The Forum provided a unique opportunity to develop business contacts in promising sectors such as digital transformation, transport and logistics route development, infrastructure, and the green economy.
Opening speech by President Mirziyoyev
Well-known American reporter Richard Quest hosted the opening event on 2 May.
In his opening speech, President Mirziyoyev said that irreversible reforms in Uzbekistan and mutually beneficial cooperation had made the TIIF a highly attended conference. He stressed that decisive steps had been taken to fundamentally improve the investment and business environment, step by step, to remove obstacles. He added that comprehensive reforms have been implemented to ensure all entrepreneurs feel free and confident in Uzbekistan.
The Uzbek economy is going from strength to strength, and the numbers prove it:
“Our economy has almost doubled in recent years. Last year alone, the growth rate reached 6 percent, while inflation remained below 9 percent. Trade is growing steadily.”
He said Uzbekistan has seen significant growth in the energy, chemicals, construction, metallurgy, automotive and electrical engineering, and construction sectors. More than 300 investment and industrial projects have been launched with international investors, and hundreds of thousands of new jobs have been created.
President Mirziyoyev also said that a significant step had been taken in privatisation, with the parliament’s adoption of the law on privatisation. He also stressed that a new program had been adopted, including the sale of state shares in 250 large companies, the privatisation of 1,000 properties, and the listing of shares in 12 companies on the stock exchange.
President Mirziyoyev summarised the strategic directions in five points, and these are the areas where investors are welcome:
- “Green” energy – Expanding the energy sector is key to the prosperity of the entire region
- Banking sector – In recent years, a number of private banks have been established in Uzbekistan. Leading European banks have entered the Uzbek market (OTP acquired one of the largest Uzbek banks).
- Critical minerals – Uzbekistan is rich in minerals and critical raw materials: it has large reserves of gold, copper, tungsten, silver and uranium. Particular attention is paid to reserves of rare earth metals, including lithium, magnesium, molybdenum, germanium, vanadium and indium. Strategic cooperation has recently been established with the EU on critical minerals, but the US and the UK are also actively working to develop a framework for joint work.
- The country’s digital transformation – exports of IT services and software products have doubled in a year.
- Transport infrastructure development: Major reforms in the rail sector have opened up a wide range of opportunities for private investors. Joint projects are being developed to build toll roads and high-speed railways. The Uzbek government has started preparations with foreign partners to construct the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan and Uzbekistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan railways. The President said these strategic projects will fundamentally change the geo-economy of the region and will transform Central Asia into a global transit hub linking North and South, East and West.
Much effort will also be invested in upgrading the existing Tashkent, Bukhara, and Urgench international airports, and qualified foreign investors will participate in building new ones.
President Mirziyoyev concluded that New Uzbekistan is a rapidly developing, just, and secular country with enormous potential. He stressed that investment is the engine of transformation and the most vital driver of economic development in the country and thanked all government and corporate partners for their cooperation.
Other key events in TIIF
More than 40 events took place during the Tashkent International Investment Forum, including 31 interactive roundtable discussions, 7 exhibition sessions (pitch sessions to present projects to investors), 4 briefings, B2B meetings, and 3 intergovernmental committee meetings with Kyrgyzstan, the United Arab Emirates, and Azerbaijan. In addition, a presentation of regional energy projects, including the construction of Kambarota HPP-1 and Yovan HPP, was held with the participation of the Prime Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Kyrgyz Republic to foreign investors.
The TIIF also hosted the second plenary meeting of the Foreign Investors Council under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The organisers offered a varied program, allowing speakers to exchange views on topics such as fintech in Uzbekistan, the attractiveness of the Central Asian region for foreign investors, water management, IT-PARK Uzbekistan, and the role of anti-corruption policies in attracting foreign investors.
The conference also featured a Hungarian participant, Mihály Varga, Minister of Finance, who took part in a panel discussion on “Coping with global economic change: strategies for resilience and growth” and said that Hungary is one of the most open economies in the world today, with an outstanding export performance for its size, a high investment rate, and a competitive tax system. Read more details here: Hungarian finance minister: Hungary among world’s most open economies.
Record contract signing
By the end of the Forum, a total of USD 26.6 billion worth of investment and export contracts had been signed. By comparison, in 2023, the Tashkent International Investment Forum facilitated the signing of 167 documents worth USD 11 billion.
Our photos:
You can read our coverage of the Forum in Hungarian: Helló Magyar
Hungarian finance minister: Hungary among world’s most open economies
Fifteen years ago Hungary ditched its one-sided and reclusive economic policy and put Hungarian interests to the fore by opening up to the East, the finance minister said in a panel discussion at the Tashkent International Investment Forum on Friday.
Hungary today is among the world’s most open economies, its export performance is outstanding for its size, and it enjoys a high investment rate and a competitive tax system, Mihály Varga said at a panel discussion attended by representatives of the United Arab Emirates, Oman, OPEC, and Uzbekistan.
But the crises of the past four years have shown that when the crisis is global, there is no external help to rely on, he said. So the most important strategic goal is to build a resilient economy, the finance minister added.
“Regional blocking has always led to conflicts, often resulting in wars, while building contacts and cooperation always yields real results … it is our conviction that rather than falling into isolation what we need is strengthening economic cooperation between Europe and Asia,” Varga said.
Thanks to its strategy of opening to the East, the government has found strategic partners in Central Asia too, the finance minister said.
The results were clear, he said. “Hungary has become a bridgehead in economic cooperation between Europe and Asia, and the country is receiving most of its investments from Asia, Varga added.
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Hungarian companies are getting stronger in this Central Asian country
An increasing number of Hungarian businesses are successfully entering the market in Uzbekistan, with the presence of Hungarian companies getting stronger in that country’s banking sector, in food industry and the pharmaceuticals industry, the finance minister said at the Tashkent International Investment Forum.
Hungarian companies strong in Uzbekistan
The ministry on Thursday cited Mihály Varga as saying that “Uzbekistan is our strategic partner in the central Asian region, and we are going to develop closer economic ties in the coming years”.
Hungarian companies’ exports to Uzbekistan increased by 12 percent last year, exceeding 90 million dollars, with strong demand for pharmaceutical products, as well as vehicles manufactured in Hungary, the minister said.
Hungarian companies in the banking sector are getting stronger thanks to the increasing share of OTP, and significant agriculture investments have been implemented under Hungarian-Uzbek cooperation, he said. Demand has been strong for the knowledge of Hungarian companies and engineers in water management, he added.
The first innovation and science park in Uzbekistan is being developed with the participation of Budapest’s Óbuda University, said Varga.
The Turkic Council and the Hungarian-Uzbek Business Council have special significance in the unprecedented intensive economic cooperation between Hungary and Uzbekistan, he added.
During his visit, Varga is scheduled to hold talks with Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Investments and Foreign Trade Jamshid Khodjaev, Minister of Investment, Industry and Trade Laziz Kudratov, and Minister of Economy and Finance Jamshid Kuchkarov.
National economy minister meets chairman of Oman Shura Council
Márton Nagy, the national economy minister, held talks with Sheikh Khalid bin Hilal Al Maawali, Chairman of the Shura Council, the lower house of Oman’s parliament, and his delegation in Budapest on Thursday, his ministry said.
They reviewed bilateral economic ties with a focus on investment opportunities for Hungarian agricultural companies, primarily in the dairy sector, in Oman, the ministry said in a statement.
Hungary, as an export-driven country, seeks to build cooperation with other countries based on mutual respect, the ministry said, noting that Hungary’s trade with Oman has increased more than 1.5-fold since 2010.
The sides were in agreement on the need to boost cooperation in the economic and education sectors, said the ministry. It was also agreed at the meeting that the two countries would need to build cooperation in the energy sector with a possible role for Hungarian oil and gas company Mol.
They also agreed that launching direct flights between Hungary and Oman could boost air transport between the two countries.
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Iran beyond Persians: relations between azerbaijani turks and kurds
Iran, a vast and diverse nation in the Middle East, is characterized by its large ethnic and linguistic minorities.
Approximately half of the country’s population comprises non-Persian ethnic groups. Among these groups, Azerbaijani Turks and Kurds stand out as the second and third-largest ethnic communities in Iran, respectively. Turks predominantly inhabit the northwest, particularly the four provinces (Ardabil, Zanjan, East, and West Azerbaijan) collectively known as Iranian Azerbaijan, while Kurds primarily reside in the western regions of the country. However, beneath this cultural diversity lie simmering tensions exacerbated by a myriad of socioeconomic, environmental, and political factors. Economic difficulties, regional disparities, environmental issues, and human rights abuses have all contributed to the emergence of complexities in ethnic relations and inter-ethnic conflict in Iran in recent years.
Being the most populous minority in the country and adhering predominantly to Shia Islam, which is the official religion of the Islamic Republic, Azerbaijani Turks are mainly viewed as the most well-integrated non-Persian community in Iran. However, linking this integration success only to religion is a simplistic view, since the historical background of the Turks’ attitude toward Iranian identity provides us with valuable insights. Iran has gained its modern-day identity and societal structure through the establishment of the Safavid Empire, which made Shiism the state religion and converted the majority of the population residing there to this confession. Back then, Iran used to be the ‘scientific center’ for Sunnism, the most widespread sect of Islam, which was changed by the Safavids seeking to generate a common idea to support their reign through generations, on which they were decisively successful. Although Safavids and other dynasties following them were usually labeled as the Persian Empire by Western academia due to the fact that Iran was historically called Persia, the founding elite of those empires (Safavid, Afsharid, and Qajar) had mainly consisted of Azerbaijani-Turkish nomadic tribes. Therefore, it is no coincidence that the Safavid Empire was founded in Iranian Azerbaijan, more exact to say, in Ardabil. Besides, for a quite long time (till the Pahlavi era), Tabriz (center of Iranian Azerbaijan) was considered the second capital of the empire, if not the actual capital in the early 16th century, and had nicknames such as Valiahdneshin (residence of Qajar Crown Prince), and City of Firsts, for the pioneering role of the city during the early modernization of Iran.
While this special place Turks enjoyed ceased after the enthronement of Reza Shah Pahlavi, and his and his son’s pursuit of Persian nationalism by discriminating and trying to assimilate the minorities, it is enough for the majority of this community to feel as the major element of the Iranian society partaking in the very foundation of the Iranian state. Active participation of Iranian Azerbaijani regions in the Islamic Revolution and the following Iran-Iraq war (Ardabil had the second-highest rate of fallen soldiers only behind Isfahan) strengthened these invisible ties. This makes the research of the discrimination against Turks in Iran more challenging, since the center-periphery dichotomy between Persian and minority-inhabited provinces gets obscure. Nevertheless, it is not so hard to detect the explicitly discriminatory practices against Turks, such as the lack of education in the mother tongue, pejorative stereotypes among Persians, persecution of activists, careless reaction of the government toward the ecological crises happening in Iranian Azerbaijan (the situation with Lake Urmia is the most obvious example), rising poverty hitting Turks and other minorities unequally, and so on. The policies aimed at the assimilation of Azerbaijani Turks, firstly introduced by Pahlavis, aren’t lifted totally, and Azerbaijani Turkish continues to be treated as a second-level language with no use in state institutions. Not only the ethnic topics, but also the worsening economic situation, which in turn forces people to migrate to bigger, mostly Persian-dominated cities, where minorities tend to be Persianized after one or two generations, are quite threatening for Turks and this threat makes them behave more cautiously about preserving their ethnic identity. That’s why Iranian Azerbaijan is viewed as the ‘last bastion of Turkish identity,’ where Persianization policies couldn’t succeed. Although the main power threatening Turkish identity here appears to be the central government dictating Persian, the increase in the number of Kurds, mostly due to natural growth or economic migration, can sometimes be understood as the most imminent ‘attack to the Azerbaijani bastion’. This conflict of interests between Turks and Kurds occur mainly in West Azerbaijan province, where the majority consists of Turks with a sizable Kurdish minority residing mainly in mountainous areas close to the border, but the same tendency can be observed in East Azerbaijan and Ardabil, too, although to a much lesser extent.
As one of the largest minority groups in the country, Kurds residing in Iran have endured prolonged and systematic discrimination. Their access to social, political, and cultural rights has been severely curtailed, along with their economic opportunities. Regions predominantly inhabited by Kurds have been neglected in terms of economic development, leading to widespread poverty. Evictions and demolitions of Kurdish homes have further exacerbated housing insecurity among the community. Additionally, authorities restrict parents from giving their babies Kurdish names, while efforts to incorporate the Kurdish language into education face continuous obstacles. Religious minority groups also face targeted measures aimed at marginalizing them, with Sunni Kurds facing particularly acute discrimination. A discriminatory selection process known as the “gozinesh” system imposes allegiance to Islam and to the Islamic Republic as a prerequisite for employment and political engagement, and is also used to discriminate against minority groups, such as Kurds, from equal participation in these spheres. Despite limited concessions such as occasional use of the Kurdish language in media and respect for certain aspects of Kurdish culture like traditional attire and music, activists advocating for Kurdish rights often face heightened persecution when they tie their advocacy to their ethnic identity. Kurdish individuals involved in human rights activism, community organizing, and journalism are frequently subject to arbitrary arrests and legal prosecution. Others endure torture, unfair trials in Revolutionary Courts, and even death sentences. These systematic violations not only suppress Kurdish voices but also reinforce their socio-economic marginalization within Iranian society.
The economic challenges faced by both Turks and Kurds play a significant role in exacerbating tensions between these communities. As a result of these economic difficulties, many Kurds are compelled to migrate from their impoverished rural homelands to urban centers, including Turkish-majority cities such as Urmia, Tabriz, and Ardabil, in search of better economic opportunities. This influx of Kurdish migrants into Azeri-majority areas has sparked tensions, as local Turks perceive them as economic competitors and resent their growing presence. The government of Iran has exploited these tensions for its own political ends, particularly in regions where Azerbaijani Turks and Kurds coexist, such as West Azerbaijan. By exacerbating divisions between these ethnic groups, the government seeks to consolidate its power and deepen mistrust and animosity between Turks and Kurds. Lack of control over Kurdish militant groups and higher firearm ownership (despite being illegal) among Kurds, on the one hand, and prioritizing Azerbaijani Turks over Kurds when recruiting civil servants and officers due to religious reasons (since Turks are mainly Shia), escalate the existing tensions and put it in a systematic, state-orchestrated way.
While finding a sustainable reconciliation formula for the conflicts between the ethnic groups that have coexisted for centuries is never easy, focusing more on common struggles like assimilation policies and persecution led by the central government might be the correct way for both Kurds and Turks to proceed. Segmentation can be the biggest obstacle hindering a unified response to the repressive government. This might be partially explained by the trend of self-alienation among Kurdish political circles from the common Iranian opposition by primarily pursuing Kurdish interests instead of cooperating with other oppositionists. The latest example of this phenomenon was the March 1 elections in Iran, where, for the first time in history, more Kurdish delegates were elected in West Azerbaijan than Turkish ones (7 to 5), largely due to the active participation of Kurds in the election, and in contrast, a boycott campaign among Turks like other Iranians. This kind of attitude might paralyze the Iranian opposition, as Kurds are a significant portion of it.
Minister Kudratov: Tashkent International Investment Forum, starting in two days, is a milestone for the region – Interview
The Tashkent International Investment Forum, considered by many to be the largest investment conference in Central Asia, is about to begin. We had the chance to interview Laziz Kudratov, Uzbekistan’s Minister of Investment, Industry and Trade, about the event:
Daily News Hungary: The Tashkent International Investment Forum will take place on 2-3 May in Uzbekistan. Can you tell us why this is an unmissable event for decision-makers in the business sector?
Minister Kudratov: The Tashkent International Investment Forum is a milestone event for the region. As the biggest conference in Central Asia, it is a key vehicle in identifying and sourcing investment opportunities across a number of key sectors including: renewable energy, infrastructure, agriculture, tourism, mining and the digital economy.
The Forum provides foreign investors a gateway into New Uzbekistan: the big country with big opportunities. Its objective is to accelerate Uzbekistan’s growth and development, aligned with the “Uzbekistan 2030” strategy, which includes increasing Uzbekistan’s GDP to $160 billion and attracting $250 billion investment into the country.
Since the inaugural event in 2022, The Forum has contributed to the transformation of Uzbekistan’s economic prospects and progress, with foreign direct investment and development finance both increasing, along with marked growth in clean energy investment and landmark international debt market success.
Daily News Hungary: Who will be the key speakers at the event?
Minister Kudratov: The Forum will be opened by President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev. Dignitaries from across the world are due to attend, with keynote speakers including Mikayil Jabbarov, Minister of Economy of Azerbaijan; Serik Zhumangarin, Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan; Muhammetgeldi Serdarov, Minister of Finance and Economy of Turkmenistan; Ibraev Taalaibek Omukeevich, Minister of Energy of the Kyrgyz Republic; Almassadam Satkaliyev, Minister of Energy of the Republic Kazakhstan; Daler Juma, Minister of Energy and Water Resources of the Republic of Tajikistan; Qais bin Mohammed Al Yousef; Minister of Commerce, Industry and Investment Promotion of Oman; Abdulla bin Touq Al Marri Minister of Economy, UAE and the Mihály Varga, Minister of Finance, Hungary.
A discussion on the development of fintech in Uzbekistan, one of the fastest growing and most innovative segments of the Uzbek economy, features guest speakers Djasur Djumaev, CEO, Uzum – the first tech unicorn from Uzbekistan, Nicolas Kurdiani, CEO, TBC Bank and others. Another debate on investing in green energy will include contributions from Marco Arcelli, CEO, ACWA Power; Seifi Ghasemi, CEO, Air Products; Mohamed Jameel Al Ramahi, CEO, Masdar.
Daily News Hungary: Could you also give us figures on how many countries will be represented, how many participants are expected and what investment amounts could be decided even during the Forum?
Minister Kudratov: We are expecting to better the attendance from last year’s event with over 2,500 delegates registered to attend The Forum. We also have over 100 international speakers and 84 countries represented.
In 2022, The Forum was attended by over 2,000 major investors and high-ranking officials from 56 countries worldwide with contracts and investment agreements worth $7.8 billion were signed.
2023 was even bigger. As a result, 164 contracts were signed representing $11 billion in value. We’re confident that these figures will be better during this year’s event. Get more information on the official site.
Daily News Hungary: How does Uzbekistan offer an exceptional opportunity? In which sectors are investors expected?
Minister Kudratov: Uzbekistan has undergone significant economic reforms making it an attractive destination for foreign investors. We have improved process and governance as we aimed to create more opportunities for investors and increased transparency in the investment process.
In recent years, Uzbekistan has recorded 6% GDP growth and a 25% increase in foreign trade in 2023, plus an increase in the private sector’s share of the economy to 85%. Showcasing a flourishing business environment. The region also has many opportunities across various sectors, including manufacturing, renewable energy, IT and communications, mining and transportation.
Read also:
- Budapest flight to Uzbekistan resumes, details HERE
- Hungary to conquer Central Asia from a special industrial zone in Uzbekistan, read details HERE
Deputy Speaker of Hungarian Parliament is in Mongolia
Sándor Lezsák, the deputy speaker of parliament, attended the 2nd annual Trans-Altai Sustainability Dialogue on Thursday and Friday, Parliament’s press chief said on Saturday.
This year’s discussions focused on point 16 of the UN 2030 Agenda: peace, justice and strong institutions, and brought together representatives of science, NGOs and government to share best practices.
Lezsák said in his speech at the event that the European Parliament and US elections offered chances to bring about change, and he expressed hope that Donald Trump would again become president.
He noted that Hungary will soon take up the presidency of the European Union, and he referred to Prime Minister Viktor Orbán’s “historic responsibility”.
Arpad Potapi, state secretary for Hungarian communities abroad who is also the vice-chairman of parliament’s Hungarian-Mongolian friendship group, addressed the event co-organised by the Mongolian parliament, the Ban Ki-moon Foundation for a Better Future, and the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center of Stanford University.
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If you go to Borneo, choose Sabah – photo gallery
Sitting on top of Borneo is the enchanting state of Sabah. As a part of Malaysia, Sabah, North Borneo is a shining example of authenticity and diversity. It promises an unforgettable experience for tourists who want to get in touch with nature and experience Sabah’s vibrant culture.
Nature and Adventure
Rising majestically to a height of 4,095 meters (13,435 feet), Mount Kinabalu, located at the heart of the Kinabalu UNESCO Global Geopark stands as the highest mountain in Malaysia. Embark on a challenging yet rewarding climb to its summit, where panoramic vistas of the surrounding valleys and clouds await. The journey to the top takes climbers through diverse ecosystems, from mossy forests to alpine meadows, offering a glimpse into Sabah’s rich biodiversity. Kota Kinabalu, the capital city, serves as the gateway to this iconic climb, with trails starting from the Kinabalu Park headquarters.
But for those who seek a different kind of thrill, Sabah offers more than just the climb. The Via Ferrata on Mount Kinabalu offers adventurers the opportunity experience the mountain from a different view.
Need for water adventure? The Padas River, located in the interior of Sabah, provides the perfect setting for an adrenaline-pumping adventure. Navigate through challenging rapids as the river winds its way through dense rainforest and towering gorges. Tackle level 3 to 5 rapids, test your teamwork, and immerse yourself in the raw beauty of Sabah’s wilderness. For light adventure, Kiulu river and Kadamaian river (level 1 to 3) are great options.
Step off the beaten path and into the untamed wilderness of Sabah’s jungles, where a myriad of flora and fauna awaits discovery. Explore ancient rainforests teeming with life as you trek through remote trails, accompanied by the symphony of nature. Danum Valley Conservation Area and Tawau Hills Park are just a few of the pristine locations offering unparalleled opportunities for jungle trekking. Encounter rare species of plants and animals, including orangutans, pygmy elephants, and carnivorous pitcher plants, as you immerse yourself in the wonders of Sabah’s biodiversity.
Wildlife Experience
Sabah is known for its efforts in the preservation and conservation of its wildlife. Head on to Sandakan, the wildlife capital of Sabah.
Visit the Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre near Sandakan, where orphaned and injured orangutans are rehabilitated before being released back into the wild. You can observe these fascinating primates during feeding times and learn about conservation efforts.
Embark on a river cruise along the Kinabatangan River, one of the best places in Borneo to spot wildlife. You can encounter proboscis monkeys, orangutans, pygmy elephants, crocodiles, and a variety of bird species such as hornbills and kingfishers.
While in Sandakan, don’t forget to take a trip to Selingan Island also known as Turtle Island Park, where you can witness the nesting and hatching of endangered sea turtles, including green and hawksbill turtles. The park is dedicated to the conservation of these majestic creatures. Accommodation on this island is limited and advance booking is required to avoid disappointment.
Another great location to see animals in the wild is Lahad Datu. The Danum Valley Conservation Area is a pristine rainforest reserve known for its diverse wildlife including orangutans, gibbons, clouded leopards, and various species of birds and insects. Stay at one of the eco-lodges within the reserve for a truly immersive experience.
Tabin Wildlife Reserve also located in Lahad Datu, is a vast forested area renowned for its diverse wildlife. Nine species of primate can be found here, namely orangutan, gibbon, red leaf monkey, silver leaf monkey, grey leaf monkey, western tarsier, slow loris, long-tailed macaque and pig-tailed macaque, including a plethora of bird species. The reserve offers opportunities for jungle trekking, birdwatching, and wildlife spotting.
Island Paradise and Underwater Wonders
The many islands in Sabah are one of the best things about this destination. Picture yourself relaxing on the sandy beaches of Pulau Lankayan or putting your toes in the waters of Pulau Mantanani. The islands here are a great escape from the busy city life and offer a place to relax in the sun, enjoy water sports, or just enjoy the stunning natural beauty. In addition to the fun of visiting many islands, Sabah is also a great place to watch the sunset because it has some of the most stunning ones in Malaysia.
For a quick getaway, Tunku Abdul Rahman Park is an ideal destination, just 15 to 20 minutes boat ride from Kota Kinabalu. The marine park is a cluster of 5 islands – Gaya, Manukan, Sapi, Mamutik and Sulug. Except for Sulug, the other 4 islands are accessible for visitors to enjoy picnics, snorkelling, diving, water sports and beach activities.
Avid divers will find thrill on the east coast of Sabah. The seas around Semporna are acknowledged to have some of the best diving spots in the world. Magnificent coral reefs fringe the shoreline in a seemingly unending line and within it lies an underwater world with some of the most delicate corals in various shades of pastel. Further out in the deep blue depths are some of the larger species such as groupers, hammerhead sharks, manta rays and barracudas to name a few.
Sipadan Island, being one of the top-rated dive spots in the world, is home to more than 3,000 species of fish and a few hundreds of coral species. Rare diving scenes such as a school of greenback turtles and hawksbill turtles nesting and mating, a school of barracuda travelling in tornado-like formation, and pelagic species such as manta rays, eagle rays, scalloped hammerhead sharks and whale sharks could be seen here. Not only are there fascinating coral structures but marine caves as well and Sipadan is reported to have the largest variety of soft corals in the world.
There is also the Tun Sakaran Marine Park with its mysterious and legendary Bohey Dulang, a trademark of the Semporna seas. A hike up Bohey Dulang is a must! Upon reaching the top, stunning views await you, perfect for your Instagrammable moments!
Cultural Experiences: A Tapestry of Traditions
Sabah is more than just sun and sand; it’s also a place where different cultures come together. As you watch Sabah’s rich cultural tapestry unfold, you’ll be taken into a world where diversity lives. Kaamatan, also known as the Harvest Festival, is the most important event in Sabah’s cultural calendar. It is a sacred celebration for the Kadazan Dusun community which is held throughout the month of May. This event is a joyful way to show appreciation for good harvests.
People who like to explore will find new things in the interior of Sabah. The Kalimaran festival, which usually happens every March, offers a glimpse of the craftsmanship of the Murut people.
Furthermore, in the scenic Kota Belud district, the Tamu Besar unfolds with the grace of timeless tradition. Taking place in October or November, travellers can enjoy numerous types of stalls, ranging from street foods, traditional crafts, and more while also witnessing the Bajau horse performance, where the horses are dressed in spectacular traditional garb.
From the rhythmic beats of traditional Kadazan Dusun music to the colourful displays of Bajau horseman’s vibrant attire, each festival and event celebrates the region’s cultural heritage with fervour and joy. Immerse yourself in the tradition of indigenous peoples, and let their warmth and hospitality envelop you.
Learn more about the culture of Sabah’s ethnic groups at the Mari Mari Cultural Village. It offers visitors a chance to experience and learn about the culture and traditions of the indigenous ethnic groups of Sabah, particularly the Dusun, Rungus, Lundayeh, Bajau and Murut community.
Visitors can participate in various activities such as traditional dances, cooking demonstrations, and blowpipe-making. The Mari Mari Cultural Village offers a unique opportunity for cultural exchange and appreciation, providing visitors with a deeper understanding of the rich cultural heritage of Sabah.
As you begin your trip through Sabah, let the natural beauty and cultural diversity of this enchantment inspire you. Discover the magic of Sabah with us and open up a world of wonder and adventure like no other. A place where every moment is a chance to learn more about, explore, and connect with the heart of this amazing city!
Get more information on sabahtourism.com.
Featured image: depositphotos.com
Direct flights between Budapest and this exotic capital from April!
The Qanot Sharq airline flew a few times between Budapest and Tashkent between 20 August and 10 September 2023. It then disappeared from the booking system and timetables. From April this year, however, the Uzbek capital will be available again from Budapest.
New Budapest flight by Qanot Sharq
After a short break, from April, the Uzbek capital, Tashkent will be accessible again from Budapest with one flight a week, and from 5 May with two flights a week, AIRportal.hu reports. Qanot Sharq flights will operate on Wednesdays in April, according to the latest Aeroroutes data, and from 5 May, the airline will start operating flights on Fridays.
According to the published schedule, flight HH 411 would take off from Tashkent at 09:10 local time, arrive in Budapest at 11:40 and return with flight HH 412 at 13:00, landing in the capital of Uzbekistan at 22:10.
The flights will be operated by the airline’s Airbus A320-200 aircraft. Qanot Sharq originally planned to operate two flights per week on the route from the start of the summer timetable, AIRportal writes.
Budapest–Tashkent was already operated last year
The airline flew a few times to Budapest between 20 August and 10 September 2023. However, the flight subsequently disappeared from the booking system and timetables. Last September, after just 3 flights and 2 weeks, the flight from Hungary to Uzbekistan’s capital, announced by the Foreign Minister in August, was cancelled, Index wrote in September.
Péter Szijjártó announced on 19 August 2023 that a direct flight will be established between Budapest and the Uzbek capital, Tashkent. At the time, he said that Qanot Sharq would operate two flights a week between the two countries from September, and from the beginning of next year (i.e. 2024) the number of flights would increase to three a week, and from 2025 to four a week.
He said that the number of consuls at the Hungarian Embassy in Tashkent had been increased in view of the launch of the flight. On top of that, the visa issuance process had been speeded up, so Uzbeks could travel to Hungary more smoothly than before, and the same was true vice versa.
About Qanot Sharq
Qanot Sharq started operations in 1998 as the country’s first privately owned airline, operating passenger and cargo flights with Boeing 757 and Ilyushin Il-76 aircraft before its closure in 2012, AIRportal.hu writes. The company relaunched in the summer of 2021 with two leased Airbus A320-200s (which were more than 15 years old), and currently has two new A321neo aircraft in its fleet, joined by an Airbus A330-200 in October 2023.
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Featured image: depositphotos.com
Vanishing Lake Urmia: environmental decline and neglect in Iran
Lake Urmia, located in northwestern Iran and once the sixth-largest saltwater lake globally, has fallen victim to environmental degradation and governmental negligence. Over the past few decades, this once-vibrant body of water has shrunk dramatically, leaving behind a desolate landscape, posing serious ecological and social challenges.
Decline of Lake Urmia
The decline of Lake Urmia can be traced back to a combination of factors, including disruptive dam-building and irrigation policies implemented by the Islamic Republic of Iran. These policies, driven by a desire for agricultural expansion and economic development, have significantly altered the natural flow of water into the lake, exacerbating its depletion. Moreover, the construction of infrastructure projects by various companies associated with the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) has further contributed to the lake’s demise. Another significant aspect concerns mulching. The arid regions surrounding Lake Urmia become saline, leading to the accumulation of salt. To mitigate this, a mulching process is implemented, which involves artificially isolating the affected area from the lake. However, this practice also contributes to the reduction of Lake Urmia’s overall surface area. In addition to the aforementioned cases, Baranduz River, constituting one of the 14 tributaries of Lake Urmia, is artificially blocked from feeding into the lake, a practice that is enforced even during the winter months. These projects, often undertaken without proper environmental assessments, have disrupted the delicate balance of the region’s ecosystem, hastening the decline of Lake Urmia.
Despite mounting concerns raised by local activists and environmental experts, the Iranian government’s response has been inadequate. While promises were made by officials, including Presidents Mahmoud Ahmedinejad and Hassan Rouhani, to address the crisis and revive the lake, tangible progress has been lacking. On March 3, 2024 – on the occasion of Iran’s National Water Day, the Iranian Water Industry Federation (IWIF) presented a project to the public on water bodies and water supply-related problems in the country, but Lake Urmia was not among the covered cases. Efforts to allocate funds and implement restoration projects have fallen short, failing to halt the lake’s steady decline. Recent reports paint a grim picture of Lake Urmia’s current state. Satellite images and aerial footage reveal a desiccated landscape, with the lakebed exposed and water levels at an all-time low. By the fall of 2023, it was reported that the lake went dry after decades of continuous decline in water level. Claims by government officials that efforts are underway to revive the lake ring hollow in the face of mounting evidence to the contrary. The water level of Lake Urmia has risen due to the fact that rainfall in the country has intensified in recent months, and the Iranian government seizes this opportunity for its propagandistic purposes as by attributing the improvement of the lake’s water volume to its own efforts.
Environmental experts, including Masoud Tajrishi of Tehran’s Sharif University of Technology, warn that the situation is dire. The lake’s water level has plummeted by eight meters since 1995, coinciding with the construction of new dams and changes in agricultural practices following the Islamic Revolution of 1979. While some officials and media outlets affiliated with the Iranian government seek to blame climate change for Lake Urmia’s desiccation, the root causes lie in decades of environmental mismanagement and disregard for ecological sustainability.
Social and cultural tensions
In addition to the environmental crisis, the plight of Lake Urmia has sparked social and cultural tensions. Based on the outcomes of a study published in 2021, agricultural activity in the surrounding regions saw a decline by approximately 30%, and in the period 1996-2016, more than 12% of the villages in East Azerbaijan province lost their population, with roughly 500 villages being totally or partially depopulated. One of the main variables in this equation is the fact that Azeri Turks mainly inhabit those provinces, where the lake is situated. Azeri Turks of northwestern Iran, a Turkic-speaking minority that constitutes a fifth of the country’s population, see Lake Urmia as central to their heritage and identity. Local activists, who regard this topic as highly sensitive, have been organizing protests demanding its protection for decades. However, their efforts have been met with repression and intimidation by the authorities, highlighting broader issues of political oppression and human rights abuses. The regime’s reluctance to address the lake’s decline may stem from its fear of galvanizing broader movements for cultural and linguistic rights among the Azeri population.
The case of Lake Urmia is a perfect example of intersectionality between ethnic and ecological problems. Although it is obviously an issue related to environment and climate change, one cannot neglect the minority rights dimension. The fact that those most affected areas are primarily inhabited by Azeri Turks and to a degree by Kurds, another sizeable minority in Iran, raises the question of discrimination and second-class citizenship issues. The reaction of the central government could have been significantly different, provided that the mentioned provinces had a Persian majority. Worth to note that this ecological catastrophe is not the only problem Azeri community in Iran encounter. The lack of education in Azeri, native language of the Azeri minority, persists to remain unresolved. Even though this issue is mentioned during every election campaign in order to gain Azeri voters’ support, no Iranian politician yet decided to initiate a plan for a substantial change in educational system to make it more inclusive for minorities. Azeri Turkish is prohibited from being used in official documents and as a language of instruction at schools since the Pahlavi dynasty succeeded to get the power in the early 20thcentury. Islamic Republic kept this policy practically intact after the revolution, and therefore, Azeri Turkish eventually lost its charm and prestige, turning into a useless local language that mainly people residing in remote areas are willing to talk. In Iranian Azerbaijan, even assigning Azeri-Turkish names to newborn children is hindered through bureaucratic means; instead, it is incentivized to give names of Persian origin. In one occasion, a decree by the territorial court in Tabriz deemed names of Azeri-Turkish origin were classified as incompatible with Islamic principles. This linguistic dynamics mirrors the current social landscape of the Iranian society, where non-Persian ethnic groups, despite constituting half of the population, lack the privileges enjoyed by the Persian majority.
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Featured picture: depositphotos.com
Budapest Airport can become one of Europe’s main cargo hubs: Orbán cabinet wants to buy it
According to the CEO of PMI Logistics Solutions Ltd., the Budapest Airport is a good investment for the government because it may become one of Europe’s main cargo hubs if the Orbán cabinet spends the required amount of money on its development. Péter Ilg added that Hungary’s bridge role between the East and the West, Asia and Europe, and good relationship with the Eastern powers, including China, can help strengthen Budapest Airport’s regional role.
Will Budapest become Europe’s cargo transport hub?
According to index.hu, Budapest may become the European hub of cargo transport like Leipzig. One of the main catalysts of that goal may be the Chinese relationship. Péter Ilg, the CEO of PMI Logistics Solutions Ltd., said the Hungarian government conducts complex negotiations with the owner of the Budapest Airport because the Orbán cabinet would like to become the majority stakeholder of Hungary’s main airgate.
Therefore, they sold non-strategic, minority shares in other companies like the Vienna Insurance Group (from 45% to 10%), Erste Bank Hungary (from 15% to 0%) and Yettel Magyarország Ltd. (from 20% to 0%).
Budapest will serve as a bridge between East and West
Budapest Airport’s cargo traffic exceeded the 2019 maximum by 3.8%. Thus, it was a record-high in 2023. Concerning passenger traffic, 90.9% of the 2019 level came back. He believes Orbán’s key motivation to buy back the airport is not the passenger department but the potential in the shipping segment.
Ilg said the government’s investment would return in 20 years, which is typical in logistics. He believes that the airport’s price, EUR 4 billion, is considered high. However, Budapest Airport is now among Europe’s 20 biggest cargo airports.
Budapest’s “career” can be similar to Leipzig’s. The international airport has two runways, just like Budapest’s, but the shipping branch exceeds 1.5 million tonnes, making the German city the second biggest behind Frankfurt am Main. Budapest has the potential to reach Munich and advance Vienna concerning cargo traffic since it has a goods management capacity of 300 tonnes.
Ilg added that Budapest Airport might become the bridge between West and East, Europe and the Far East. Relationships with South Korean and Chinese cargo companies are perfect, and Budapest may become their regional hub.
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FM Szijjártó: Cooperation with Singapore benefits Hungary and the EU
Cooperation with Singapore is beneficial for Hungary and the EU, with bilateral trade between the two countries likely hitting a record this year, and Singaporean companies showing increasing interest in investing in Hungary, the foreign minister said early on Wednesday.
The foreign ministry said in a statement that Péter Szijjártó met Mohamad Maliki bin Osman, the head of the Singaporean Prime Minister’s Office, and Grace Fu, the minister-in-charge for trade relations, on his visit to the city state. Szijjártó told journalists after the meetings that bilateral trade between Singapore and Hungary exceeded one billion dollars last year. This year also looked “promising”, with 24 Hungarian companies now approved to export pork and poultry there, he said.
Singaporean companies were showing increasing interest in investment in Hungary, Szijjártó said. One planned by household appliance manufacturer Dyson is expected to be announced within a week, he added.
“Singapore is the region’s most competitive country, one of the most open economies in the world and Hungary’s most important trade partner in south-east Asia, with most of the investments from the region coming to Hungary from Singapore.”
The closest possible cooperation with Singapore would also be in the European Union’s interest, and Hungary will make an effort to negotiate a digital trade agreement when it takes over the EU’s rotating presidency in July, he said.
Although the EU and Singapore signed an investment protection agreement years ago, only 16 states including Hungary have ratified it so far, Szijjártó said, adding that Hungary would use its presidency to encourage the other 11 countries to take that step, he added.
During the visit, the ministers extended an agreement on Hungary offering government grants to 30 Singaporean students to study in the country, he said.
Hungary and Singapore also see the most important aspects of world politics and economy similarly, and often diverge from the international mainstream in their position, Szijjártó said.
Similarly to Hungary, Singapore is “very protective of its sovereignty, and has adopted a law to protect it. Singapore is also being attacked in politics, as is Hungary, for protecting its sovereignty,” he said.
“We agreed that every country has a right to protect their national interests and to protect their sovereignty,” the foreign minister said.
Touching on the war in Ukraine, Szijjártó said Singapore and Hungary had similar views on the conflict, as both were calling for peace and sees it as a task of the international community to “talk to those with whom they don’t necessarily agree with.”
“Neither Ukraine nor Russia can win the war, so there is definitely need for negotiations. The question is only when they will take place. We are calling for the talks to start as soon as possible because that is how we can save the most lives and pre-empt further destruction,” he said.
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Avenue in Bangkok is named after Budapest and a statue of János Xantus is unveiled
The naming of an avenue after Budapest in Bangkok and the inauguration of the statue of Hungarian 19th-century ethnologist János Xantus are proof of the long-standing friendship based on mutual respect between the two countries, the foreign minister said on Tuesday.
Péter Szijjártó expressed thanks to the local authorities at the inauguration ceremony, the ministry said in a statement.
Hungary and Thailand last year celebrated the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations, though ties “go back even further, with the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and the Kingdom of Siam forging ties 155 years ago,” he said. The minister added that Xantus frequently traveled to Southeast Asia in the 19th century when it was not as simple a task as today.
Szijjártó said the friendship between the two countries should be broadened and strengthened.
On Tuesday, Péter Szijjártó, the minister of foreign affairs and trade, said in Bangkok that Hungary regards East-West cooperation as a great opportunity rather than a risk, from which many can profit, details HERE.
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Europe’s lowest tax rates a big attraction for foreign firms in Hungary, says minister in Bangkok
On Tuesday, Péter Szijjártó, the minister of foreign affairs and trade, said in Bangkok that Hungary regards East-West cooperation as a great opportunity rather than a risk, from which many can profit.
Given the war in Ukraine and the related sanctions, Eurasian cooperation has suffered a big blow, the ministry, quoting Szijjártó, said in a statement. With the collapse of growth based on advanced Western technologies and Russian energy sources, combined with skyrocketing inflation, many countries faced difficulties, even though they were not responsible for the situation, he added.
Szijjártó also noted the Middle East conflict, which has compromised safe navigation in the Red Sea, resulting in expensive freight circumnavigation.
He said all this has negatively affected Hungary, which is among the ten most open economies in the world.
The minister referred to rising energy costs and inflation, which jumped from two percent to 27 percent, “exclusively owing to external influences.”
He said the European Union then decided to heap pressure on Hungary’s “conservative, patriotic” government by freezing Hungary’s community funding.
“But we’ve survived,” he said, adding that 2024 would be “much easier” due to falling energy prices and inflation and the partial release of EU funds.
Amid the fierce competition for investments worldwide, he noted several reasons why it was worth investing in Hungary, including the stable political system, with a government that commanded a two-thirds parliamentary majority, and significant investment incentives as well as Europe’s lowest tax rates.
Thanks to the government’s strategy of opening to the East, Hungary has turned into a major meeting point for Eastern and Western companies, he said, adding that Hungary wanted to see smooth East-West cooperation, while obstacles to trade around the world were undesirable.
“Yet when anyone in Europe says something along these lines … they are classed as a friend of the Russians, Putin’s spy, or a Kremlin propagandist,” he said.
Szijjártó said all companies operating in Hungary could do so unhindered, no matter where they came from, all long as they followed the rules.
He noted that Hungary doubled its 2022 investment record last year, and 82 percent of working capital came from the East, mostly from China and South Korea.
The minister said Hungary had become one of the world’s largest producers of electric batteries, and a large number of suppliers had come from the East, making the country a meeting point for German car manufacturers and Eastern battery-makers.
Szijjártó praised bilateral ties “based on mutual respect”, noting that the Hungarian government “does not interfere in the internal affairs of others”.
He said the Hungarian-Thai trade, worth 730 million dollars in 2023, was record-breaking, and tourism “has also doubled.” He added that
he hoped to convince AirAsia managers to launch a flight to Budapest.
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UPDATE
The minister also announced that
AirAsia could launch a direct flight between Bangkok and Budapest in the autumn, noting that in 2023, tourism figures doubled compared with the previous year, with over 10,000 tourists visiting Hungary and Thailand receiving more than 30,000 Hungarians.
Szijjártó said preparations had been made and relevant talks “will be concluded today”. “We have a good chance of there being a direct link between Bangkok and Budapest in the near future,” he said.
Concerning Hungary’s upcoming European Union presidency, Szijjártó said Hungary would make efforts to reinforce the bloc’s foreign trade relations “in view of a significant deterioration in the continent’s competitiveness in recent years.” The Hungarian presidency will “take rationality and practicality in consideration” and work to accelerate recently resumed talks with Thailand aimed at a free trade agreement, Szijjártó said.
The Hungarian government, Szijjártó said, would lend momentum to talks with Thailand aimed at investment protection, “since more and more investors come from Thailand and trade turnover is on the increase”. The Hungarian economy could benefit from the effects of a free trade and investment protection agreement, he added.
The minister assured his Thai partners of Hungary’s support for Thailand’s request to join OECD. “It is in our interest that the OECD should become stronger, while Thailand’s entry could clearly strengthen the organisation,” he said.
Noting conflicts worldwide and world organisations “seriously influenced by ideologies,” he said building relations was becoming difficult. He added, “It is refreshing to see that in remote parts of the world, there are some countries such as Thailand that pursue a rationalistic foreign policy based on mutual respect.”
“We see eye to eye that each country has a sovereign right to shape their own foreign strategy, promote their own national interests in foreign policy and resist the pressure exerted by strong players in international politics,” Szijjarto said.
Collaborative Success: Evaluating Saudi Partnerships
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As the saying goes, ‘two heads are better than one,’ and in the global arena, this translates to the power of partnerships.
You’ve likely observed that Saudi Arabia has been actively forming alliances, but have you ever wondered about the secret behind their collaborative success?
It’s more than just smart diplomacy; it’s a mix of economic, political, and cultural factors that contribute to the overall effectiveness of these partnerships.
To fully appreciate its complexity, you might want to look a bit deeper into the dynamics of these alliances and the factors that make them tick.
The Framework of Saudi Partnerships
Typically, the framework of Saudi partnerships is rooted in cultural tradition, economic strategy, and political objectives, necessitating a thorough understanding for effectively traversing this landscape. You must comprehend the nuances of Saudi culture, which places high regard on personal relationships, trust, and honor.
You’ll find decision-making often leans towards consensus, and hierarchy is respected. Therefore, it’s essential to identify and engage the right individuals or entities when initiating a partnership. You can’t afford to underestimate the influence of familial ties and tribal affiliations, as they often play a pivotal role in shaping business relationships.
Regarding political objectives, Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 offers a blueprint for economic diversification and social reform. It’s a significant driver for partnerships, particularly within sectors such as technology, entertainment, and renewable energy. You’ll need to align your collaborative efforts with these objectives to guarantee success.
Understanding this framework isn’t merely a matter of intellectual curiosity; it’s a practical necessity for anyone seeking to forge strong, productive alliances in Saudi Arabia. This understanding allows for informed decision-making, effective negotiation, and ultimately, successful collaboration. It’s a complex landscape, but one ripe with potential for those who navigate it well.
Economic Factors in Collaborative Success
In evaluating the potential for Benefits & Risks Of Partnership Structures In Saudi Arabia collaborative success in Saudi Arabia, it’s essential to take into account the nation’s economic climate, including factors like market trends, sector-specific growth, and fiscal policies. You need to understand these variables as they directly impact the feasibility and profitability of any partnership.
- Market Trends: With Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 in place, there’s a noticeable shift towards diversification away from oil. This has opened up new markets ripe for investment, including renewable energy, tourism, and entertainment.
- Sector-specific Growth: Certain sectors are experiencing rapid expansion. For example, the IT sector, driven by digital transformation initiatives, is showing tremendous growth potential.
- Fiscal Policies: Saudi Arabia’s tax regime and financial regulations are also significant. The country’s efforts to create a friendly business environment through competitive corporate tax rates and streamlined regulations can positively impact collaborations.
- Economic Stability: Finally, consider the nation’s macroeconomic stability. Saudi Arabia’s robust economic infrastructure, backed by strong foreign reserves, provides a stable platform for partnerships.
Role of Politics in Saudi Alliances
While considering economic factors is important, don’t overlook the role politics play in shaping Saudi alliances. Politics, power dynamics, and diplomatic relations have a major impact on the formation, maintenance, and success of Saudi partnerships.
You’ll see that Saudi Arabia’s geopolitical strategies often align with its alliances. For instance, the partnership with the United States, a major global power, enhances Saudi Arabia’s international standing and security. Similarly, Saudi’s alliances within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) help maintain regional stability and counterbalance Iran’s influence.
However, political risks can’t be ignored. Domestic politics and international relations can both be unpredictable, potentially jeopardizing alliances. For example, shifting political landscapes, such as changes in leadership or policy, may strain relationships.
Furthermore, Saudi’s human rights record has been criticized globally, causing tension in some partnerships. The Khashoggi incident, for instance, strained Saudi’s relations with several Western allies.
Cultural Influence on Partnerships
Exploring the intricate web of Saudi partnerships, you can’t ignore the profound influence of cultural factors. Culture plays a major role in shaping how Saudi Arabia interacts with its partners, dictating the norms, values, and practices that underpin these relationships. Let’s dive into these cultural influences:
- Respect for Traditions: Saudi society highly values its traditions. This respect for tradition permeates partnerships, influencing how agreements are negotiated and implemented.
- Religion: Islam plays a central role in Saudi life. It shapes societal norms and expectations that partners must understand and respect.
- Hierarchy: Saudi culture is hierarchical. Partnerships often reflect this, with a clear understanding of roles and responsibilities.
- Communication Style: Indirect communication is preferred in Saudi culture, which can impact how disagreements are resolved and decisions made within partnerships.
Understanding these cultural factors is crucial in evaluating Saudi partnerships. They shape the very fabric of these alliances, influencing how they’re constructed, maintained, and evolve over time. It’s not just about the politics or economics; it’s about recognizing the profound cultural influences that underpin these relationships. As you move forward, remember to take these factors into account in your analysis.
Case Study: Saudi-US Relations
Now, let’s turn our attention to a specific example of these cultural influences at play: the long-standing relationship between Saudi Arabia and the United States. This partnership, rooted in mutual economic and security interests, has been a cornerstone of Middle East geopolitics for over seven decades.
You’ll find that the US-Saudi alliance has been largely shaped by oil, with the US heavily dependent on Saudi’s vast reserves. This resource interdependence has fostered economic collaboration, influencing trade agreements and investment flows between the two nations.
Simultaneously, shared security concerns have driven the countries closer. The US has long been Saudi Arabia’s primary arms supplier, a reflection of their collaborative defense efforts against regional threats.
However, cultural differences have also created challenges. Divergent views on human rights and democracy have occasionally strained the relationship. But, the partners have often set aside these disparities, focusing on shared strategic interests.
Review: Saudi-China Economic Ties
Shifting our gaze eastwards, let’s explore the burgeoning economic ties between Saudi Arabia and China, a relationship that’s quickly becoming a significant player in global economics. These two nations are crafting a powerful alliance, built on sturdy pillars of mutual interest and benefit.
To paint a clearer picture, let’s examine four key aspects of this partnership:
- Energy Cooperation: China is Saudi Arabia’s largest crude oil customer. This energy agreement underpins the economic relationship between the two countries.
- Investment: Chinese firms are increasingly investing in Saudi infrastructure projects, while Saudi Arabia is pouring resources into China’s Belt and Road Initiative.
- Trade: Bilateral trade volumes have surged, highlighting the growing interdependence of their economies.
- Technology Transfer: Saudi Arabia is leveraging Chinese technology and expertise to diversify its economy beyond oil.
In the complex web of global partnerships, the Saudi-China alliance is a rising star. They’re not simply trading partners; they’re strategic allies, fortifying their economic ties with every transaction. As this relationship matures, its global impact will only increase. Let’s keep our eyes on this fascinating economic dance.
Sustainability in Saudi Collaborations
Delving into the domain of sustainability, it’s important to assess how Saudi Arabia’s collaborations are being shaped by environmental considerations and green initiatives. You’ll find that the Kingdom’s partnerships have taken on a distinct green hue, reflecting a broader shift in global attitudes towards sustainable practices.
Notice, to start with, how Saudi’s collaborations emphasize renewable energy. Partnerships with countries like China and Germany have helped accelerate the development of solar power plants and wind energy facilities. Such initiatives aren’t just for display; they’re contributing to the Kingdom’s goal of generating 50% of its power from renewables by 2030.
Similarly, Saudi’s ties with international organizations have led to the implementation of various eco-friendly projects. The collaboration with the United Nations, for instance, has resulted in significant improvements in water management and waste disposal.
Additionally, you can’t ignore the role of green technology in Saudi collaborations. Partnerships focusing on tech innovation have led to the implementation of energy-efficient systems in industries and smart cities, reducing the country’s carbon footprint.
To summarize, Saudi Arabia’s collaborations are increasingly characterized by a strong commitment to sustainability. This is a sign of the Kingdom’s progressive approach and its adaptation to global environmental imperatives.
Future Prospects of Saudi Partnerships
As we envision the future, it’s clear that Saudi Arabia’s strategic partnerships are poised to play a pivotal role in driving the Kingdom’s economic diversification and technological advancement. These alliances are the cornerstone of Saudi’s Vision 2030, propelling it towards becoming a global investment powerhouse.
Here are four key areas where these partnerships are set to make a significant impact:
- Economic Diversification: Partnerships with global businesses will enable Saudi Arabia to shift away from oil dependence, fostering growth in sectors like tourism, entertainment, and renewable energy.
- Technological Advancement: Collaborations with tech giants will spur Saudi’s digital transformation, paving the way for advancements in AI, IoT, and smart cities.
- Investment Opportunities: By attracting foreign direct investment, Saudi partnerships will stimulate economic growth, create jobs, and boost the Kingdom’s competitiveness.
- Sustainable Development: Aligning with global partners will help Saudi Arabia meet its sustainability goals, promoting greener practices and renewable energy solutions.
Lessons Learned From Successful Alliances
What can we glean from the successful alliances that Saudi Arabia has formed in the past?
First off, there’s no denying the importance of strategic alignment. Saudi’s most fruitful partnerships have shared a common vision, whether it’s energy development with the US or infrastructure growth with China. You’ll find that clear, shared objectives are a bedrock for successful collaboration.
Another lesson is the value of cultural sensitivity. Saudi Arabia’s partners who’ve understood and respected local norms and customs have fostered deeper relationships, leading to more significant mutual benefits. Therefore, you shouldn’t underestimate the role of cultural knowledge when entering into partnerships.
Lastly, we’ve seen that flexibility is essential. Market conditions and political landscapes are ever-changing; alliances that have thrived are those that have adapted to these changes. So, it’s important to build in mechanisms for flexibility and adaptability.
In brief, successful alliances in Saudi are built on strategic alignment, cultural sensitivity, and flexibility. These lessons aren’t just applicable to Saudi partnerships but can be extrapolated to alliances worldwide. So, let’s learn from the past to forge stronger collaborations in the future.
Disclaimer: the author(s) of the sponsored article(s) are solely responsible for any opinions expressed or offers made. These opinions do not necessarily reflect the official position of Daily News Hungary, and the editorial staff cannot be held responsible for their veracity.
Filipino guest workers’ salaries in Hungary revealed
More than 10,000 Filipinos work in Hungary, often earning more in factories here than they would in high-skilled jobs back at home.
As Pénzcentrum reports, a recent Deutsche Welle video revealed how salaries in factories in the agricultural sector of Hungary often outperform intellectual positions in the Philippines. Last year, for example, guest workers were offered a net salary of EUR 550 per month, which for many was double what they would have made at home. Employees also receive other benefits that make the Hungarian labour market attractive: their employer pays for their plane ticket to Hungary, as well as providing a visa and insurance, and free living quarters in workers’ hostels.
Working in Hungary through guest workers’ eyes
The Deutsche Welle report highlights the stark wage differences between the two countries that make foreign work attractive for those in the Philippines. In the video, two female guest workers share their experiences in the Hungarian workforce.
One of them, who works three shifts in a factory in Eastern Hungary, said that a big difference between the two countries is in the work hours: in the Philippines, shifts usually exceed eight hours, so she is used to much longer workdays. This is why she feels able to take on multiple shifts. The salary is important because she is raising her two children alone, and while she graduated from university as a pharmacist, she makes twice as much as a factory worker here than she did back home. It is also a great benefit, she shares, that Hungary is a member of the European Union.
The other woman, who works on the same factory’s production line, is a chemical engineer. At home, she was a department manager of a company manufacturing household appliances, until due to the recession caused by the pandemic, she was fired. At 36 years old, she is considered too old to be hired, she stated, as most companies prefer those who are newly graduated, as they will work for much cheaper.
Workers from the Philippines make up the 4th largest group of foreign labourers in the country, behind Ukrainians, Serbians, and Vietnamese people. Most of them work in the manufacturing sector. Even though workers earn more in Austria and other Western European states, Hungary remains a popular destination for foreigners, the owner of a recruitment agency working with Filipinos said, as the country is Catholic, and has a similar culture to the Philippines.
The two women in the video also emphasised that they find that their coworkers are very accepting of them, so they feel welcome in Hungary. The hard part, they say, is being away from their families.
The labour question in Hungary
As we have reported earlier, the number of foreign guest workers in Hungary, particularly from Vietnam and the Philippines, skyrocketed in recent years, sparking controversy in many cases, such as the news that Filipino drivers would be employed on Budapest’s public transport.
The Hungarian government, in turn, has been ambivalent on migrant labourers. On the one hand, Prime Minister Viktor Orbán has said that potentially 500,000 new employees could be needed in the country’s employment sector. Furthermore, as we wrote HERE, recent immigration legislation has made it easier to employ Asian workers in some sectors. On the other hand, however, official rhetoric is often hostile when it comes to an influx of foreign workers. The government later regulated the importation of workers, considerably limiting the scope of the aforementioned legislation.
See the video about the Filipino workers in Hungarian here:
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Sabah tourism destination presentation in Hungary – Interview with Minister Hon. Datuk Christina Liew
The Sabah Tourism Board from Malaysia was in Budapest recently to undertake a tourism promotion mission from 9-12 March 2024. The delegation was led by the Minister of Tourism, Culture and Environment of Sabah herself, the Hon. Datuk Christina Liew.
Also in the delegation were the Assistant Minister, the Hon. Datuk Joniston Bangkuai, the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry, Ms. Josie Lai and the Chief Executive Officer of the Sabah Tourism Board, Mr. Julinus Jimit. They were accompanied by His Excellency the Ambassador of Malaysia to Hungary, Ambassador Francisco Munis.
The Honourable Minister spoke about her tourism promotion mission in Budapest in an interview with the Daily News Hungary on 11 March 2024.
Daily News Hungary: Why did Sabah Tourism choose Budapest as the location for this destination presentation?
Minister Hon. Datuk Christina Liew: Sabah Tourism is excited to explore new markets, and Budapest presents an excellent opportunity as a gateway to introduce Sabah to Central and Eastern Europe. Despite Hungary being landlocked, Sabah’s diverse offerings of islands and beaches provide a refreshing and exotic destination for travellers seeking sun, sand, and adventure. Additionally, the presence and support of the Malaysian Embassy here have made Budapest an ideal choice for this presentation.
Moreover, Budapest’s strategic location and excellent flight connectivity make it easily accessible from key international hubs. Travelers from Budapest can conveniently access Sabah via flights connecting through Shanghai, China, or Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Budapest is also well-connected through Middle Eastern airlines, providing additional accessibility for travellers interested in exploring Sabah’s unique attractions and cultural heritage.
Daily News Hungary: What can be expected from the destination presentation in Budapest?
Minister Hon. Datuk Christina Liew: We are engaging and presenting to the local travel agents in Budapest, a total of 31 of them. Attendees can expect an immersive experience highlighting Sabah’s breathtaking natural landscapes, diverse wildlife, and vibrant culture. The presentation will feature insightful sessions and networking opportunities to learn more about Sabah’s tourism offerings and engage with representatives from Sabah Tourism.
Daily News Hungary: What makes Sabah stand out as a travel destination?
Minister Hon. Datuk Christina Liew: From mountain high to ocean deep, Sabah offers a unique blend of adventure, culture, and natural beauty that sets it apart from other destinations. From scaling the majestic peaks of Mount Kinabalu to exploring the pristine marine life of its tropical islands, Sabah offers unparalleled experiences for travellers of all interests. Moreover, Sabah’s rich cultural heritage, diverse ethnic communities, and warm hospitality create a truly immersive and memorable journey for visitors.
Daily News Hungary: How does Sabah Tourism plan to promote sustainable tourism practices during the presentation?
Minister Hon. Datuk Christina Liew: Sabah is committed to sustainable tourism practices, as evidenced by government initiatives such as conservation efforts in marine and nature parks. For instance, Sabah boasts marine parks like Sipadan, renowned globally for its rich marine biodiversity and strict conservation measures. Additionally, the Kinabalu UNESCO Global Geopark, home to the majestic Mount Kinabalu and its surrounding areas, showcases Sabah’s commitment to preserving its natural heritage while promoting responsible tourism. Visitors can explore unique geological formations, diverse ecosystems, and cultural heritage sites within the geopark.
Furthermore, destinations like Bohey Dulang Island offer visitors opportunities for eco-friendly activities such as hiking and birdwatching, while also supporting local conservation efforts. These initiatives align with Sabah Tourism’s goal of promoting sustainable tourism practices and preserving Sabah’s natural and cultural treasures for future generations. Sabah’s wildlife conservation initiatives, including the Sepilok Orang Utan Rehabilitation Centre and Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Center, demonstrate our dedication to protecting endangered species and their habitats.
Daily News Hungary: What are some key attractions and experiences that Sabah offers to visitors?
Minister Hon. Datuk Christina Liew: Sabah boasts a wide range of attractions and experiences for visitors to explore. Some highlights include:
- Scaling Mount Kinabalu, the highest peak in Malaysia, for breathtaking panoramic views.
- Diving and snorkelling in the pristine waters of Sipadan Island, renowned for its rich marine biodiversity.
- Exploring the lush rainforests of Danum Valley Conservation Area, home to rare wildlife species and indigenous tribes.
- Immerse in the vibrant culture of Sabah through visits to traditional villages, colourful markets, cultural festivals and community-based tourism activities.
- Embarking on wildlife safaris to spot iconic species such as orangutans, proboscis monkeys, and pygmy elephants in their natural habitat.
- Sabah offers beautiful beach and island resorts in Mataking, Kapalai, Mabul in Semporna and Lankayan island in Sandakan. In Kota Kinabalu, we have Shangri-La’s Tanjung Aru Resort, Shangri-La’s Rasa Ria Resort & Spa and Gaya Island Resort. These luxurious retreats offer guests the opportunity to unwind in idyllic settings, surrounded by crystal-clear waters and lush tropical landscapes. For those seeking urban adventures, Sabah’s city resorts like The Magellan Sutera Resort and The Pacific Sutera Hotel provide convenient access to vibrant city life, cultural attractions, and shopping destinations.
These are just a few examples of the diverse experiences that await visitors in Sabah.
Daily News Hungary: How can travel agents and tour operators collaborate with Sabah Tourism to promote the destination?
Minister Hon. Datuk Christina Liew: Travel agents and tour operators play a crucial role in promoting Sabah as a premier travel destination. Sabah Tourism welcomes collaborations and partnerships to develop promotional campaigns, and marketing initiatives that showcase the unique attractions and experiences of our destination. We encourage travel agents and tour operators to reach out to us to explore potential collaboration opportunities and join hands in promoting Sabah to Hungarians.
Daily News Hungary: Apart from the destination presentation, are any other meetings planned in Budapest?
Minister Hon. Datuk Christina Liew: Yes, as part of Sabah’s delegation visit to Budapest, the delegation will also conduct tourism diplomacy and of course there will be a special meeting with the Budapest City Council. This meeting presents an invaluable opportunity for Sabah to learn more about how the City Council administered and developed its tourist attractions, enabling Sabah to bring back the knowledge and insights to further enhance its own city tourism offerings. In addition, we are also meeting the Hungarian Tourism Agency and the Hungarian Federation of Rural Tourism to learn and offer possible collaborations.
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For more information about Sabah, visit the official Sabah tourism website.